Centrifugal separator.



F. L. 5EFFEREES CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.

APPucATloN man JULY 21,1911.

Patented Feb. s 19M..4

3 SHEETS-SHEET Y www, W c@ V saranno iearrnnai ernten FEEDRIGK L. JEFFERIES, QE' RIVERSIDE, ELLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T@ CGRN`PRODUCTS EEFNING COMPANY, A. CORPRATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

CENTRIFUGL SEPARATOR.

Spectcatton of Letters Patent rammed ren, ia, iota,

Application filed July 21, 1917. Serial Non 182,026.,

convenientiy and economically than with` machines heretofore used. i further objectis to provide aI centrifugai separator', the operation of which will. he accommodated automatically to variations in the inflow of the iiquid to the Ina-1 ehine and in the proportions between the constitments so that the proper operation ot the machine is not adected hy such varhfs tions'wnich may occur from one cause or anothen lhe invention consists in the novei irnprovenients, constructions and arrangements tor carryinfr out the shove stated objects and sach` other incidentai objects as wili op dear from the Jfollowing description.,

T he invention is illustrated, in. a. preferred. en'ihediinent, in the accoinpanyingsr drawings whe-rein-n 'if'igrure 1 :fortuin pa constructed tione Fig, 1a a diagram to ilinstrate the rela tion of the strata into which. the materiai under treatment is separatedr his", it is a detail View, inpcrspcctive, ofl one of thev partitions or varies of the revoiuhie container in which the outlet and vent, duets are formel. e

is a vertical sectional view, with. rts in elevation, of a separator in accordance with the invenn Eig. 3 "-1 a sectionai view taken .at right angles te the plane et Fig 1, and. on line --i of uPig'. 4c

Fig, a sectional pian on tine 4 4?. ci Figs. T 3, and

ifigyo is a pian view oi? the casting throne" which the iicpiid to ho separated is ,troduced into the machine. Like characters or reterence designate like parts in t sererai i'igijures oi the drawings itciier to the drawings, 1G represents a preteraeiy cyindricol container carried on aV verticai shaft 11 supported on a base 12 with. its upper end guided in a bearing in a spider 13 arranged at the upper end of the casing 14C., rEhe shaft 11 is revolved by any suitable means. l have shown an electric motor 15 and driving heit 16, the iatter eX- tending around a pulley 17 on the motor shaft and pulley 18 on shaft 11. l'lhe upper end of shaft 11 is preferably tapered and driven into a tapered opening in a boss 19 formed in the bottom of the container 10. 20 is a nut screwed upon a threaded stud 21 at the end of shaft 11. rl`he nut 20 and boss 19 are conical so as to form a spreader t'or the liquid which enters the machine through pipe 22. The end of pipe 22 eX- tends into an opening 23 in a casting 24- whieh latter is provided preferably with radial varies 25. 26 is a cover plate having a central opening 27 to permit the overiiqw of the lighter constituents of the liquid 0perated onn The cover piate rests upon a ring 28, angular in cross section. secured to the upper edge of the side wali 29 of the container. lfiithin the container are a pluraiity oi' structures (Fig. 2) in radial arrangement, four being shown in the drawings, which provide ducts for the discharge oi the heavier constituent ofthe liquid and, are also formed, preferably with venes or partitions for imparting rotation to the liquid in the container's rEhe duct provided hv each of these structures consists of an inwardly extending intake section 31 and an outwardiy extending discharge section 32, the end ot which hitter registers with an opening 33 in the side wall of the container. Associated. with each structure 30, and preferably formed integrai therewith, isa tubuiar element 3ft extending; upwardly Jirom the junction between the duet sections 31, 32., 35 is a weh intervening between the tubuiar element 34 and the discharge duct section 31, the web being preferably formed with a hoss 3G Jfor attachment to the cover plate 26c 2i? is a weh intervening between the duct sections 31 and 32, and 38 a, web hetween outlet duct section 32 and the bottoni of the container. The upper ends of the structures 30 are formed with bosses 39 for attachment. to the cover plate 2G, the heavier constituent entering intake duct section 31 through openings under the bosses. 41 is a 1U and sect/tred to the casing 11i which incloses ves ifea

cgi

driving shaft 11. The heavier constituent is discharged through ducts 31, 321into casing 41 and passes through openings 42 on opposite sides of the casing into the discharge pipes 48. Where the machine is used for separating hot' liquids or other liquids having objectionable "fumes, the discharge pipes 43 are connected, for example, by pipe 44, with al fan conventionally shown at 45 (Fig. 2).

46 is a casing which surrounds the casing 41` and the upper end of the container having an opening 47 in the top for the supply pipe 22. 48 is a hopper for the lighter constituent whichv flows over the cover plate 26, the edge of which projects beyond the casing 41 and drops into the hopper. T he hopper may be provided with a screw conveyer 49 for removing the material. The portion of the belt 16 extending through casing 46 is protected by a. shield plate 50.

. Operation.; The container 29 is revolved at a high speed by motor 15. Arlhe liquid to be treated enters the machine through pipe 22, is discharged upon the distributing cone 20, and is set in rotation by vanes 25. Y The liquorbuilds up in the container so that it forms approximately a hollow cylindrical body with the heavier constituents in a stratum on theoutside and the lighter constituent at the inner surface. 'The .main body of the liquor is kept in rotation by vanos 35,

37, 38. The lighter constituent overflows through the central opening in cover plate 26 and passing over the cover plate, drops into the hopper 4S. rlhe heavier liquor passes into the intake sections 3l of the overflow ducts through openings 40. llfhenthe centrifugal :torce exerted by the main body of the liquid in the container is suilicient to force the column of liquid in the intake sections or legs 31, (this liquor being denser than the main body of the liquor in the container), beyond the point ot'interscction between intake leg 3l and discharge leg 32, this point being designated 51, the liquid so displaced into the leg 32 will at once be discharged through opening 33 into the casing 41 and from here the liquor is run out through pipes 43 and the 'fumes carried away through pipes 44. llt will be observed that the overflow point 5l is somewhat farther trom the axis of rotation of the machine than the inner edge of the cover plate 26 at which the overflow ot the lighter constituent takes place. Although the overflow of the heavier constituent is at point 5l the liquid overflowing at this point is actually 'taken from a point close to the outer edge of vthe body Where the separation, so ll'ar as the heayier constituent is concerned, is most complete. By these arrangements the separation of the liquor into its ingredients, according to gravity, is accomplished very completely and accurately. Each of the sepnames? j mated-constituents is entirely free from any trace of the other constituent. VThe lighter constituent floats,las it Were, as a stratum on the body of heavier material. The overflow points of the latter are on a surface defined by lines afa, and this surface, employing the analogy of a floating body, is the surface of the liquid in which the body lfloats. A portion of the floating'body-the'lighter ingredient-Will be submerged in the liquid in which the body floats-tbe heavier constituentand the remainder ofthe body will stand out of the liquid with its outer surface deinedby linesb-b; and it'fis thisportion Which is'displaced and overflows 'thecover plate'26. .rsu'ltpthe lighter constitucutis entirely'rztre from any'itracfes ofthe heavier constituent. lf the lighter constituent is a solid it Will be dry. ,The freedom of the heavier constituent 4from any traces of the lighter constituent is due to the'tact that althoughA the overiiow point of the heavier constituent is near the center of the machine, or at least near the inner surface ot'lthe annular body of liquid subject to treatment, the liquid which is permitted to treme outer part of the body. The apparatus just described, besides giving a complete separation as between the conoverlow at this point istal'en from the exvstituents of the liquid, accommodates itself automatically to variations in the rate of inflow of the supply and also variations in the vcharacter of the liquid, as, for example, in

the proportions between one constituent and the other.

lf the rate of intiowis diminished from the normal, due to decrease in pressure of the supply liquor or to its greater viscosity, or other causes, the operation oit the machine is-not affected except that the rate of outflow is diminished. lt the inflow be cut oil entirely the discharge from themachine will cease. '.llhis results from'the tact that the discharge ol the constituents is brought .about entirely by displacement and overflow due to the introduction et fresh liquor. The lighter constituent is'` freely discharged through `the opening'i' as soon as it builds up to the surface defined by this opening. ll`he discharge ducts `3l, 32 'for the heavier constituent are oversized, that is., their cross sectional area is greater than is required for any normal overflow of the heavier constituent. The function olE the vent pipes 34 is to .'fpreveut any siphoning action-'through the discharge'lucts 3i, 32. llt such siphonine; action were allowed to take place would be neccssa ry to accuratelycontroi the rate of outflow through` legs 32, as, tor example, by

headset the machine operating upon the principle of overflow by displacement no such control is` necessary. For example, if the liquid run into the machine contains a greater percentage of the lighter constituent than is normal, the stratum of the lighter constituent will' bedeeper, the lighter vconstituent will tend to lioat higher in the heavier constituent (again using the analogy of a floating body) with the result that the lighter constituent will be more rapidly discharged. This can he done, under the circumstances, without interfering with the completeness of separation and without disturbing a proper balance in the operation of the machine.

While il have described myl invention in a separating apparatus of preferred construction, it is realized that modifications might be made wlthout'departure from the principles et the invention. Therefore, I do not wish to be understood as limiting. the invention to the particular constructions and arrangements described and claimed, eX- cept so far as the claims are specifically so limitedu l claim;

1. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container having an opening in the `top through which the lighter constituent oi themixture treated overflows, said opening being of greater area than required for any normal discharge therethrough, and means constituting' a return bent discharge duct for the heavier constituent also over-sized with respect to the discharge therethrough, the inlet of which is adjacent to the side wall of the container and the outlet ci which passes through said side wall, the overdow point at the return bend of said duct being more remote from the center of revolution of said container than the edge over which the lighter constituent overflows.

2. A centrifugal separator comprising, in

combination ay revoluble container having an, opening in the top through which the lighterV constituent of the mixture treated overflows, said opening being ot" greater area than re.- quired for any normal discharge therethrough, and means constituting a return bent discharge duct tor the heavier constituent alsoy oversized with respect to the y discharge therethrough, the inlet' of which is adjacent to the side wall or the container and the outletof which passes through said side wall, the overtlow point at the return bend of said duct being more remote from the center of revolution of said container than the edge over which the lighter constituent overflows, said duct having a vent adjacent the bend therein.

. 3. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container having an overliow opening for the lighter constituent and provided with means constituting a return bent overflow duct for the discharge of the heavier constituent, extending into the container from the side wall thereof with its inlet end near said wall and its outlet passing through the same, and means providing said duct with a vent intermediate its inlet and outlet ends.

4C. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container having an overflow opening for the lighter constituent and' formed with a duct for discharge of the heavier constituent having an intake section directed inwardly of the container and an outwardly disposed discharge section, which latter extends through the `wall of the container, said overflow opening and discharge duct being both oversized in comparison with any' normal outiow therethrough; and means for continuously introducing the mixture to be separated into the container so as to produce overflow through said opening and duct.

5. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revolublecontainer having an overiow opening for the lighter constituent and formed with a duct tor dischargeof the heavier constituent having an intake section directed inwardly of the container and an outwardly "disposed discharge section, which latter extends through the wall of the container, and means providing said duct with a vent to the atmosphere adjacent the intersection of said duct sections.

6. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble ycontainer having an overtlow opening ior the lighter constituent and' 'formed with a duct 'for' discharge of the heavier constituent having an intake section directed downwardly and inwardly ot the container, and an outwardly and downwardly disposed discharge section which latter extends through the wall of the container.

7. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container having an overflow opening tor the lighter constituent and formed with a duct for discharge ot the heavier constituent having an intake section directed downwardly and inwardly oit the-container, an outwardly and downwardly disposed discharge section, which latter extends through .the wall of the container, and an upwardly extending vent pipe adjacent the intersection of said duct sectionso 8. A centrifugal separator comprising, in v combination, a revoluble container, a cover plate for the same having a central aperture for discharge ot `the lighter constituent which is larger than necessary for any normal discharge of said constituent, and a duct for the heavier constituent, also oversized with respect to any normal discharge therethrough which has its inlet end adjacent 'the side wall the container, extends inwardly thereof, then outwardly and dise. charges` through thevvvlall of the containerr` 9. A. centrifugal separator comprising, in. combination, a revoluble container, a cover plate for the same centrallyy apertured for discharge of the lighter constituent, and a with a vent at "the intersection of its in-J wardly and outwardly extending portions to prevent. siphoning action.

l0r A, centrifugal. separator comprising, in. combination, a revoluble container, a cover plateA 'for the same centrally apertured for discharge of the lighter constituent ot the mixture treated, a duct tordischarge ofthe heavier constituent which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container, extends inwardly thereof, then outwardly and discharges through the wall of the container, meansiior introducing the mixture to be separated into the middle ,of the container, a casing inclosing a. portion ot said container adaptedv to receive substance dis-1 charged from said duct, and means tor receiving the lighter constituent overflowing said cover plate.

il. A centrifugal separator comprising, in

l.Lombination, a revoluble container, a. cover plate tor the same centrally apertured for discharge or the ligl'iter'constituent ot the mixture treated, a duct for discharge ot the vheavier constituentwhich has its inlet end adjacent, the'side wall of the container, extends inwardly thereof, then outwardly and discharges through the wall of 'the container, ineans introducing the mixturel to be separated into the middle of the container, a casing surrounding a portion oil the con tainer adapted to receive. the substance discharged. through said duct, said cover plate extending outwardly beyond said casing, and a casing outside of the aforementioned casing provided with means for collecting the lighter constituent as it flows over from said cover plate.

l2. centrifugal separator comprising, in. combination, a revoluble container, a cover plate for the same centrally apertured for discharge of the lighter constituent of the. mixture treated, a duct for the heavier constituent which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall ot the container close under said cover plate, extends inwardly and downwardly thereof, then outwardly andy down wardly, discharges through the wall of the container near the bottom and is provided with a vent at, the intersection et' the inwardly and outwardly extending sections thereof, and means for introducing liquid to be separated into the middle of the conm tuinen t ieee-ew 13. A centrifugal separator comprising; in. combination, a revoluble container, lacover plate for the same centrally apertured for discharge of the. lighter'v .constituent of the mixture treated, ,a yduct, for .the heavier constituent whichhas vits inlet end adjacent the* niixture treated, a duct forthe heavier con stituent of the mixture treated, a, duct for the heavier constituent which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container close vundersaid cover plate, ertends'mu'ardly and downwardly thereof, then outwardly and downwardly, discharges through the wall of the container near the bottom, a. receiving chamber in the bottom of the chamber provided with vanes and openings between said vanes, a supply pipe extending into said chamber, and a conical spreader in the chamber under said pipe.

15, A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container, a centrally apertured cover plate for the same, a plurality of radially arranged webs in said container which terminate short of the center of the same, each web being formed with a discharge duct having its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container close under the cover plate, said ducts extending irst inwardly of the container and then outwardly, andfdischarging through the side wall thereof, said webs being formed'with 'vent passages intersecting said ducts at points adgacent the inwardly and outwardly extending portions thereof. 1

16. centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container, a centrally apertured cover plate for the saine, a

plurality ot radially arranged webs in said.

container which terminate short olf the center of the same, each web being formed with a discharge duct having its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container close under the cover plate, said ducts extending lirst inwardly of the container and then outwardly and discharging through the side wall thereotf,` said webs being formed with vent passages intersecting said ducts at pomts adjacent the inwardly and outwardly 'ex-y tending portions thereof, means providing a receiving chamber in the bottom of the container, a supply pipe nutending into said chamber, a casing surrounding a portion of llo Leanser said container to receive liquid discharged through said ducts, and a casino` surrounding the aforementioned' 'casing adapted to receive the lighter constituent overflowing said cover plate. n l

17. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container, a centrally apertured cover plate for the same, a duct which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container, extends inwardly thereof, then outwardly and discharges through the wall of the container, means for introducing liquid to be separated into the middle of the container, a casing inclosing a portion of said container adapted to receive liquid discharged from said duct, means for receiving the lighter constituent overowing said cover plate, and an exhaust pipe and fan for removing fumes fromvsaid casing.

18.. A centrifugal separator comprising, in combination, a revoluble container having an overow openino` for the lighter constituent and formed with a duct for the discharge of the heavier constituent having an intake section directed inwardly of the container and an outwardly disposed discharge section, which intersect at a point farther from the center of rotation than the point of discharge of the lighter constituent, and means providinff said duct with a vent to the atmosphere adjacent the intersection of said duct sections.

19. A centrifugal s arator comprising, in combination, a revolu le container, a cover plate :l'or the same centrally apertured for discharge of the lighter constituent, and a duct which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container, extends inwardly thereof to a point at a greater distance from the center of rotation of the machine than the edge of the cover plate opening, then' outwardly and discharges through the wall of the container, said duct being formed with a vent at the intersection of its inwardly and outwardly extending portions to prevent siphoning action.

20. A centrifugal separator comprising,

in combination, a revoluble container, a,

cover plate for the same centrally apertured for discharge of the lighter constituent, and a duct which has its inlet end adjacent the side wall of the container, extends inwardly thereof to a point at a greater distance from the center of rotation of the machine than the edge of the cover plate opening, then outwardly and discharges through the wall of the container, said duct being oversized with relation to the normal outflow through its outwardly extendin portion and being formed at the intersectlon of said inwardly and outwardly extending portions with a, vent to prevent siphoning action.

l 21. A centrifugal separator comprising a revoluble container provided with overiow openinfrs the effective cross sectional area of which 1s greater than required for any normal discharge therethrough through which the lighter and heavier constituents are respectively discharged solely by displacement, in combination with means for continuously introducing the mixture to be treated into said'container so as to effect said displacement.

- 22. Av centrifugal separator comprisin a revoluble container provided with overl ow openings through which the lighter and heavier constituents are respectively discharged solely by displacement, in combination-with means for continuously introduc` ing the mixture to be treated into said container so as to effect said displacement, both said overflow openings being near the inner surface of the body of material subject to treatment in the container, and means providing an inclosed duct leading from the outer portion of said body to the overflow opening for the heavier constituent.

23. A centrifugal separator comprisin a revoluble container provided with over ow openings through which the lighter and heavier constituents are respectively discharged solely by displacement, in combination with means for continuously introducing the mixture to be treated into said container so as to eect said displacement, both saidoverflow openings being near the inner surface of the body of material subject to treatment in the container, and means providing an inclosed duct leadincu from the outer portion of said body to the overflow opening for the heavier constituent, the latter opening being farther from the center of rotation of the container than the opening for the lighter constituent.

, FREDRICK L. JEFFERIES. 

